Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a serious infection that affects the female reproductive organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It is most commonly caused by untreated bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia or gonorrhea. But can a yeast infection also cause PID? Let’s explore the connection.
Also read: PID and InFertility
Are Yeast Infections a Cause of PID?
While yeast infections can produce symptoms similar to PID, such as vaginal discomfort, itching, or discharge, they do not directly cause pelvic inflammatory disease. According to Dr. Michelle Forcier, a gender-affirming physician with FOLX Health, “Yeast infections typically do not lead to PID, even though some of the symptoms may overlap.”
The Real Culprits Behind PID
In most cases, PID develops from a bacterial STI that has gone undiagnosed and untreated. Dr. Michael Ingber, a urologist and specialist in female pelvic medicine, explains that bacteria can ascend from the vagina into the upper reproductive tract, leading to infection and inflammation.
Common bacterial STIs that can lead to PID include:
Interestingly, although syphilis is also a bacterial STI, it generally does not cause PID.
Viral and Parasitic STIs: Do They Play a Role?
STIs caused by viruses or parasites such as HIV, HPV, or the herpes simplex virus typically do not trigger PID. However, having PID can make someone more susceptible to contracting additional STIs, including syphilis and HIV, especially if they are exposed during or after infection. That’s why many healthcare professionals recommend a comprehensive STI screening if PID is diagnosed.
Can Having a Yeast Infection Increase Your Risk?
Although yeast infections aren’t a direct cause of PID, Dr. Ingber notes that having both a yeast infection and a bacterial STI simultaneously may raise the risk of developing PID. Recent research has even found traces of yeast and bacteria typically linked to yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis present in the cervical region of people diagnosed with PID.
This suggests that other vaginal infections could potentially heighten the risk of PID, especially when an STI is left untreated.
Other Risk Factors for PID
Besides STIs and vaginal infections, several medical procedures or events can increase the likelihood of developing PID. These include:
- Childbirth
- Miscarriage
- Abortion
- IUD insertion
- Cervical exams or biopsies
Any activity or procedure that opens the cervix can create an opportunity for bacteria to travel upward into the reproductive organs.
When to See a Doctor
If you’re experiencing symptoms like pelvic pain, fever, unusual vaginal discharge, or pain during intercourse, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider. PID is treatable, especially when caught early.
Dr. Forcier emphasizes, “Most cases of PID can be managed with outpatient antibiotics. The sooner treatment begins, the better the outcome.”
Prevention: The Key to Protection
The best way to protect yourself from PID is by practicing safe sex, getting regularly screened for STIs, and seeking prompt treatment for any infections. If it’s been a while since your last STI test, consider visiting your local health clinic or Planned Parenthood for a routine screening.
As Dr. Forcier wisely states, “It’s far easier to treat an STI than it is to manage full-blown pelvic inflammatory disease.”
[…] Also read: Can a Yeast Infection Lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)? […]